Fig. 9

Intranasal administration of the BEI-inactivated 22W_KY virus induces the robust IgA responses in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid against three distinct antigens in mice. The IgA responses against the homologous vaccine strain, (a, d, g) 22W_KY, heterologous antigen, (b, e, h) SNU50-5 and heterosubtypic antigen (c, f, i) PR8, were measured by antigen-specific ELISA (n = 5). The IgA responses elicited by viruses inactivated with F/A, BEI, and BPL were quantified and presented as the area under the curve (AUC). All the data are presented as the mean ± SD, and statistical significance was analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001)