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Table 1 General characteristics of the population, N (%)

From: Active EBV infection in children: associations between DNA load, infection status, immune status, and disease severity

Variables

N

35,956

 

EBV DNA copies/mL, n (%)

P

< 400

400-1 × 103

1 × 103-1 × 104

1 × 104-1 × 105

1 × 105-1 × 106

> 1 × 106

n = 32,483

n = 663

n = 1,393

n = 764

n = 434

n = 219

Age

       

<0.001

<1 year

5,025

4,891 (15.06)

25 (3.77)

54 (3.88)

31 (4.06)

19 (4.38)

5 (2.28)

 

1–5 years

14,785

12,978 (39.95)

293 (44.19)

672 (48.24)

466 (60.99)

244 (56.22)

132 (60.27)

 

5–12 years

13,472

12,066 (37.15)

312 (47.06)

611 (43.86)

247 (32.33)

158 (36.41)

78 (35.62)

 

12–18 years

2,674

2,548 (7.84)

33 (4.98)

56 (4.02)

20 (2.62)

13 (3.0)

4 (1.83)

 

Sex

       

0.510

Female

14,111

12,717 (39.15)

248 (37.41)

561 (40.27)

314 (41.1)

182 (41.94)

89 (40.64)

 

Male

21,845

19,766 (60.85)

415 (62.59)

832 (59.73)

450 (58.9)

252 (58.06)

130 (59.36)

 

Infection Status

       

<0.001

No-infection

8,269

8,269 (25.46)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 

Past-infection

6,722

6,722 (20.69)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 

Primary Infection

969

350 (1.08)

113 (17.04)

200 (14.36)

125 (16.36)

125 (28.8)

56 (25.57)

 

Unknown

2,547

16,568 (51.01)

215 (32.43)

382 (27.42)

167 (21.86)

79 (18.2)

38 (17.35)

 

Activation-IgG+

17,449

574 (1.77)

335 (50.53)

811 (58.22)

472 (61.78)

230 (53.0)

125 (57.08)

 

Diseases

        

IM

1,510

347 (1.07)

170 (25.64)

391 (28.07)

224 (29.32)

236 (54.38)

142 (64.84)

<0.001

Sepsis

1,890

1,633 (5.03)

26 (3.92)

78 (5.6)

75 (9.82)

42 (9.68)

36 (16.44)

<0.001

HLH

405

193 (0.59)

15 (2.26)

47 (3.37)

66 (8.64)

53 (12.21)

31 (14.16)

<0.001

Pneumonia

14,264

12,942 (39.84)

249 (37.56)

524 (37.62)

325 (42.54)

149 (34.33)

75 (34.25)

0.012

CAEBV

17

0 (0.0)

2 (0.3)

1 (0.07)

4 (0.52)

5 (1.15)

5 (2.28)

<0.001

Lymphoma

261

240 (0.74)

4 (0.6)

8 (0.57)

6 (0.79)

2 (0.46)

1 (0.46)

0.931

Immunodeficiency

64

61 (0.19)

0 (0.0)

2 (0.14)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

1 (0.46)

0.474

Others diagnosis

19,583

18,393 (56.62)

280 (42.23)

552 (39.63)

245 (32.07)

90 (20.74)

23 (10.5)

<0.001

Department at admission

      

0.094

General ward

33,988

30,709 (94.54)

635 (95.78)

1,325 (95.12)

710 (92.93)

407 (93.78)

202 (92.24)

 

PICU

1,968

1,774 (5.46)

28 (4.22)

68 (4.88)

54 (7.07)

27 (6.22)

17 (7.76)

 

Outcome

       

<0.001

Survival

35,662

32,227 (99.21)

661 (99.7)

1,385 (99.43)

758 (99.21)

420 (96.77)

211 (96.35)

 

Death

294

256 (0.79)

2 (0.3)

8 (0.57)

6 (0.79)

14 (3.23)

8 (3.65)

 
  1. EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; IM, infectious mononucleosis; HLH, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; CAEBV, chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection