Fig. 4

ZIKV infection induces an IFN protein in response in first trimester placental explant tissue. Explant tissue was infected with 107/ml ZIKV (A, C) or stimulated with 1 µg/ml poly(I: C) (B, D) (n = 4 patients, data are means ± SE. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005, ****P < 0.0001). Conditioned culture media was collected from cultured explants at 48, 72 and 96hpi and then analysed by ELISA assay for hIFNβ and hIL-28 A (I FNλ2). Statistical analysis was performed using a 2-way ANOVA