Fig. 1

Identification of HCV-associated differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). A: Bar graph shows the number of proteins and peptides identified in twelve samples. B: Number of proteins with chronic HCV, HCV and Ctrl group serum samples. C: Expression abundance and distribution of all proteins in the chronic HCV, HCV and Ctrl groups after data calibration. D: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the protein expression profiles of serum samples from the chronic HCV, HCV, and Ctrl groups to take an overall view of the differences between and within groups for each sample. E: Volcano plots visualize the number and distribution of DEPs in HCV-vs-Ctrl (left) and chronic HCV-vs-HCV (right). DEP satisfies|log₂FC|>1 and P < 0.05. F: Heatmaps exhibit clustering results of samples and expression profiles of DEPs in HCV-vs-Ctrl (left) and chronic HCV-vs-HCV (right). G: Venn diagram visualizes the number of intersecting and concatenating DEPs in HCV-vs-Ctrl and chronic HCV-vs-HCV