Fig. 1

a Visualization of positive amplicons of COVID-19 RD and E genes respectively on 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis (Total n = 47). Lane M shows a 110 bp DNA ladder, with bands at 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 bp, providing size markers for the PCR amplicons. Picture represents 1KB ladder, positive control, negative control, samples from 1–8 and 10–12. Lanes 1 (both genes),3 (E gene),5 and 7 and 9 (both genes),10 and 11 (RD gene) represents positive samples. b Negative control, positive control, Samples 30 and 9 (RdRp gene and E gene respectively), Lane M contains a 100 bp DNA ladder, with bands at 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 bp. Lane 9 indicated a positive sample for the E gene, as evidenced by the band appearing at approximately [specific size, e.g., 110 bp], when compared to the ladder. c Negative control, positive control, Samples 13–40 (RdRp gene and E gene respectively), Lane M contains a 100 bp DNA ladder, with bands at 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 bp. Lanes 13, 15, 17–23, 28–31, and 33–35 represent positive samples, as indicated by the presence of bands at approximately [specific size, e.g., 110 bp for RdRp or E gene], compared to the ladder. d Negative control, positive control, Samples 41–47 (RdRp gene and E gene respectively), Lane M contains a 100 bp DNA ladder, with bands at 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 bp. Lanes 41 and 45 represent positive samples, as indicated by the presence of bands at approximately [specific size, e.g., 110 bp for RdRp or E gene], compared to the ladder