Table 2 Clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcomes related to COVID-19 infection between the pneumonia and non-pneumonia groups
Variable | Total (n = 383) | Pneumonia Group | Non-Pneumonia Group | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Maximum body temperature, median (IQR) | 38.5(37.6,39.0) | 38.5(37.8,39.0) | 38.4(37.5,39.0) | 0.570 |
Symptoms, n (%) | ||||
Fever | 312(81.5) | 99(83.2) | 213(80.7) | 0.558 |
Fatigue | 228(59.5) | 88(73.9) | 140(53.0) | < 0.001 |
Cough | 240(62.7) | 91(76.5) | 149(56.4) | < 0.001 |
Expectoration | 178(46.5) | 76(63.9) | 102(38.6) | < 0.001 |
Sore throat | 124(32.4) | 39(32.8) | 85(32.2) | 0.911 |
Muscle soreness | 227(59.3) | 68(57.1) | 159(60.2) | 0.570 |
Headache | 176(46.0) | 53(44.5%) | 123(46.6) | 0.709 |
Diarrhea | 61(15.9) | 31(26.1) | 30(11.4) | < 0.001 |
Nausea or vomiting | 62(16.2) | 23(19.3) | 39(14.8) | 0.263 |
Anorexia | 160(41.8) | 68(57.1) | 92(34.8) | < 0.001 |
Nasal congestion or runny nose | 111(29.0) | 36(30.3) | 75(28.4) | 0. 713 |
Hypogustia | 111(29.0) | 48(40.3) | 63(23.9) | 0.001 |
Anosmia | 50(13.1) | 19(16.0) | 31(11.7) | 0.256 |
Shortness of breath after activity | 98(25.6) | 55(46.2) | 43(16.3) | < 0.001 |
Dyspnea | 41(10.7) | 28(23.5) | 13(4.9) | < 0.001 |
Other | 11(2.9) | 4(3.4) | 7(2.7) | 0.957 |
Administration of immunosuppressants during COVID-19 infection, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
Normal use | 266(69.5) | 44(37.0) | 222(84.1) | |
Drug reduction | 33(8.6) | 7(5.9) | 26(9.8) | |
Discontinuation | 84(21.9) | 68(57.1) | 16(6.1) | |
Therapeutic drugs, n (%) | ||||
NSAIDs | 212(55.4) | 75(63.0) | 137(51.9) | 0.043 |
Chinese patent medicine | 160(41.8) | 52(43.7) | 108(40.9) | 0.609 |
Bailing Capsules | 106(27.7) | 34(28.6) | 72(27.3) | 0.793 |
Ursodeoxycholic | 33(8.6) | 14(11.8) | 19(7.2) | 0.140 |
Metformin | 9(2.3) | 5(4.2) | 4(1.5) | 0.214 |
Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir | 40(10.4) | 39(32.8 ) | 1(0.4 ) | < 0.001 |
Azvudine | 9(2.3) | 8(6.7) | 1(0.4) | 0.001 |
Gamma globulin | 18(4.7) | 18(15.1) | 0(0.0) | < 0.001 |
Other | 25(6.5) | 12(10.1) | 13(4.9) | 0.059 |
Hospitalization, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
No | 280(73.1) | 32(26.9) | 248(93.9) | |
Yes | 103(26.9) | 87(73.1) | 16(6.1) | |
Renal allograft dysfunction after COVID-19 infection, n (%) | 0.737 | |||
No | 169(44.1) | 51(42.9) | 118(44.7) | |
Yes | 214(55.9) | 68(57.1) | 146(55.3) | |
eGFR at diagnosis, ml/min/1.73 m2, mean (SD) | 61.60 ± 23.77 | 51.18 ± 21.47 | 66.30 ± 23.28 | < 0.001 |