Table 1 Patient characteristics at hospital admission by consecutive epidemic waves
Patient characteristics at hospital admission | All patients (N = 722) | First wave (N = 181) | Second wave (N = 347) | Third wave (N = 194) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
Sex | 0.320 | ||||
Female | 305 (42.2%) | 79 (43.6%) | 137 (39.5%) | 89 (45.9%) | |
Male | 417 (57.8%) | 102 (56.4%) | 210 (60.5%) | 105 (54.1%) | |
Age, in years | 0.006 | ||||
< 50 | 144 (19.9%) | 30 (16.6%) | 64 (18.4%) | 50 (25.8%) | |
50–65 | 255 (35.3%) | 68 (37.6%) | 107 (30.8%) | 80 (41.2%) | |
65–80 | 232 (32.1%) | 62 (34.3%) | 124 (35.7%) | 46 (23.7%) | |
≥ 80 | 91 (12.6%) | 21 (11.6%) | 52 (15.0%) | 18 (9.3%) | |
Charlson comorbidity index | < 0.001 | ||||
< 2 | 293 (40.6%) | 109 (60.2%) | 97 (28.0%) | 87 (44.8%) | |
2–4 | 258 (35.7%) | 45 (24.9%) | 145 (41.8%) | 68 (35.1%) | |
≥ 5 | 171 (23.7%) | 27 (15.9%) | 105 (30.3%) | 39 (20.1%) | |
Comorbidities | |||||
Cardiovascular disease | 195 (27.0%) | 51 (28.2%) | 103 (29.7%) | 41 (21.1%) | 0.092 |
Hypertension | 300 (41.6%) | 76 (42.0%) | 153 (44.1%) | 71 (36.6%) | 0.235 |
Diabetes | 158 (21.9%) | 35 (19.3%) | 87 (25.1%) | 36 (18.6%) | 0.135 |
Chronic kidney disease | 84 (11.6%) | 18 (9.9%) | 40 (11.5%) | 26 (13.4%) | 0.578 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 132 (18.3%) | 35 (19.3%) | 62 (17.9%) | 35 (18.0%) | 0.913 |
Chronic liver disease | 26 (3.6%) | 8 (4.4%) | 13 (3.7%) | 5 (2.6%) | 0.620 |
Neurological condition (not cognitive impairment) | 108 (15.0%) | 21 (11.6%) | 58 (16.7%) | 29 (14.9%) | 0.295 |
Cognitive impairment | 37 (5.1%) | 6 (3.3%) | 26 (7.5%) | 5 (2.6%) | 0.020 |
Immunodeficiency | 86 (11.9%) | 38 (21.0%) | 34 (9.8%) | 14 (7.2%) | < 0.001 |
Body mass index | 0.385 | ||||
< 25 kg/m² | 157 (21.7%) | 45 (24.9%) | 71 (20.5%) | 41 (21.1%) | |
25–30 kg/m² | 209 (28.9%) | 58 (32.0%) | 99 (28.5%) | 52 (26.8%) | |
> 30 kg/m² | 175 (24.2%) | 35 (19.3%) | 84 (24.2%) | 56 (28.9%) | |
Missing values | 181 (25.1%) | 43 (23.8%) | 93 (26.8%) | 45 (23.2%) | |
COVID-19 vaccination (at least one dose prior to hospital admission) | 20 (2.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 20 (10.3%) | < 0.001 |
Transfer from another hospital | 118 (16.3%) | 10 (5.5%) | 67 (19.3%) | 41 (21.1%) | < 0.001 |
Nosocomial | 39 (5.4%) | 20 (11.0%) | 14 (4.0%) | 5 (2.6%) | < 0.001 |
WHO COVID-19 classification at hospital admission* | |||||
Non-severe | 468 (81.4%) | 127 (83.0%) | 221 (81.9%) | 120 (78.9%) | 0.735 |
Severe | 58 (10.1%) | 16 (10.5%) | 24 (8.9%) | 18 (11.8%) | |
Critical | 49 (8.5%) | 10 (6.5%) | 25 (9.3%) | 14 (9.2%) | |
C-reactive protein | 0.919 | ||||
CRP < 50 mg/l | 266 (36.8%) | 71 (39.2%) | 127 (36.6%) | 68 (35.1%) | |
CRP 50–150 mg/l | 286 (39.6%) | 72 (39.8%) | 136 (39.2%) | 78 (40.2%) | |
CRP ≥ 150 mg/l | 159 (22.0%) | 38 (21.0%) | 74 (21.3%) | 47 (24.2%) | |
Missing values | 11 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 10 (2.9%) | 1 (0.5%) | |